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The economy of Asia comprises more than 4 billion people (60% of the world population), living in 46 different states. Six further states lie partly in Asia, but are considered to belong to another region economically and politically. As in all world regions, the wealth of Asia differs widely between, and within, states. This is due to its vast size, meaning a huge range of differing cultures, environments, historical ties and government systems. The largest economies in Asia in terms of nominal GDP are Japan, China, India, and South Korea. Economies range from Japan, as the world's second largest economy by nominal GDP, to Cambodia as one of the poorest. In terms of GDP by purchasing power parity, China has the largest economy in Asia and the second largest economy in the world, followed by Japan and India as the world's third and fourth largest economies respectively. Asia was relatively rich in the ancient times. China and India alternated as the largest economies in the world from 1 A.D to about 1800 A.D. China was a major economic power and attracted many to the East, and for many the wealth and prosperity of the ancient culture of India personified South Asia, attracting European commerce, exploration and colonialism. The Silk Road became the main East-West trading route in the Asian hitherland while the Straits of Malacca stood as a major sea route. In the Straits of Malacca, Malacca established itself as an important port in Asia.
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